Robotics

Man-made bee's eye could mean big things for flying robots

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Scientists hope to emulate the honeybee's aerial navigational skills through human technology
Scientists hope to emulate the honeybee's aerial navigational skills through human technology
A photo and diagram of the artificial bee's eye

Day after day, honeybees are able to travel back and forth between a food source and their hive, even in a constantly-changing environment. Given that the insects have relatively small brains, scientists have determined that they rely chiefly on vision and hard-wired visual processing abilities to achieve such a feat. To better understand that process, scientists from the Cognitive Interaction Technology Center of Excellence at Bielefeld University, Germany, have created an artificial honeybee’s eye. Using the device, they hope to unlock the secrets of the insects’ sensing, processing and navigational skills, and apply them to human technology such as micro air vehicles (MAVs).

The artificial bee’s eye consists of a light-weight acrylic glass mirror-lens combination, hooked up to a USB video camera. Although the scientists refer to it as a singular eye, because it incorporates a single camera, it actually approximates a honeybee’s full dual-eyed 280-degree field of vision.

A photo and diagram of the artificial bee's eye

To achieve this, the underside of the lens surface is covered by a reflective upside down dome – that is, the convex outside of the dome, which faces towards the camera, is reflective. The center of the recorded image is obtained directly through the lens glass via a peep hole in the middle of the dome. The outsides of the image, however, come from the reflective dome surface surrounding that hole, which lets the camera “see” what’s off to either side (the device’s globe-shaped housing is transparent on the sides). Using a mapping routine, the two fields of view are digitally blended into one.

Previous attempts at simulating bees' eyesight have lacked the ability to focus in on objects at close range, or have utilized dual cameras, which would make them too heavy for use in MAVs.

Of course, given that a bee wouldn’t be able to tell the scientists if they’d actually gotten everything right, we just have to assume that they at least came close... and the researchers do admit that there are some parts of their system that might not be quite accurate. That said, they did base their design on previous research that involved rotating a microscope around a bee’s head while illuminating its eyes from inside to ascertain the relative angles of the facets of its compound eyes.

The scientists now plan on making the system even more bee-like by allowing it to display UV light, which bees are able to see. Further down the line, they also hope to incorporate a simulation of the bees’ subsequent neural processing stages.

A report outlining the Bielefeld team’s findings was published this Friday in the journal Bioinspiration & Biomimetics.

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4 comments
Nemanja Sedoglavic
Very nice piece of work! What are the big advantages of bees eye to MAVs, compared to a wide angle lens/dome?
Facebook User
A bee has compound eyes, much better than this single lenz eye.
Do not see much advantage in this invention.
And also, I\'ve read about the same technology 1-2 years ago, when some group has made camera of 360 degrees using reflection surface.
Richard Batchelor III
I love your articles. You guys keep me informed on the coolest stuff.
Will, the tink
Anything that helps us humans to better understand the humble bee and their importance to us is a good thing. Just \"bee\" kind to the bees!