Ask someone to think of a 3D-printed object, and chances are they'll picture something hard ... or perhaps rubbery. Thanks to new technology developed by Carnegie Mellon University and Disney Research Pittsburgh, however, it's now possible to make soft and fuzzy 3D-printed items, using yarn instead of plastic or resin. Among the first items to be created were little felt teddy bears.
Designed by Carnegie Mellon's Prof. Scott Hudson, the "felting printer" used to make the items actually looks a lot like an embroidery machine. However, it actually works on the same principle as fused deposition modeling (FDM), the 3D printing process in which items are built up in successive layers deposited one on top of another.
On a regular FDM printer, spools of filament line are pulled into the machine and melted, then extruded from the print head to form each layer. On the felting printer, the filament is replaced with yarn. And instead of being melted, the yarn is repeatedly pierced with a barbed felting needle, which drags individual fibers down into the layers of yarn below. This causes the fibers of adjacent layers to become entangled, thus joining the layers to one another.
As with other 3D printers, it builds objects based on computer models.
Due to the fact that yarn is much thicker than the layers extruded by a conventional FDM machine, the resolution of the printed objects is correspondingly coarser. Additionally, because the felt objects can be pulled apart quite easily, they must incorporate a base of stronger material such as nylon mesh, if plans call for them to be attached to anything.
As demonstrated by Hudson, it's possible to incorporate electronics into the items, and to manipulate their level of pliability, although doing so does involve manually placing components within them. Down the road, however, he hopes that it will be possible to use one multi-material machine to create such composite objects, all within a single build.
Along with li'l teddy bears, such machines could be conceivably be used to manufacture items such as winter clothing, or parts for soft-bodied robots.
The felting printer can be seen in action, in the video below.
Source: Disney Research Pittsburgh
"Not every tool is especially safe for all users" (don't know what the heck the rest of the rest of that statement is meant to mean. But the part I quoted is also absolutely absurd. A tool is built for a specific job, the large majority of tools are not safe for "all users". Do u think a chop saw, circular saw, drill, etc would be safe for an infant, child, or even an adult with now experience.