Cells

New research from Harvard suggests some single-celled organisms may be capable of more complex decision-making than we give them credit for. In experiments, they were found to consult a hierarchy of options and be capable of “changing their minds.”

Exactly how do immune cells avoid wiping themselves out while attacking invaders? Researchers at Peter Mac and UCL have now found that they create a tough shield around themselves, and this discovery could lead to new cancer therapies.

All sorts of health problems arise when as you take humans out into space. New microgravity simulations show that our guts can become “leaky” after a stint in space, increasing the chances of certain infections and diseases for weeks afterwards.

New research from Tufts University may make it a little easier to manage diabetes. In mouse tests, the team implanted beta cells that produce more insulin on demand, when they’re activated by blue light.

Cancer cells are more metabolically active than normal cells, which helps them grow out of control – but this could also be their weakness. New research shows that leukemia is particularly vulnerable to a drug cocktail that targets mitochondria.

During and after nuclear bomb tests, levels of the radioactive isotope carbon-14 spiked in the atmosphere and in our bodies. Now, researchers have used that to carbon date our immune cells, helping solve a mystery about how our immune systems age.

In lab tests, researchers have identified a cellular “switch” that could be turned off to clear out HIV lying dormant inside cells.

Researchers have found a way to “reboot” the immune system, helping to treat and prevent diseases like rheumatoid arthritis and vasculitis.

Organ development has traditionally been tricky to study, thanks largely to the difficulty in getting sensors in there without damaging the organs. Now, researchers from Harvard have developed a way to create “cyborg organoids” by integrating nanoelectronics into cell cultures.

​Considering how important an organ it is, it’s a shame that the heart is so bad at repairing itself. Stem cells are an emerging solution, and now researchers at the Universities of Cambridge and Washington have combined heart muscle cells and supportive cells to help mend broken hearts.

Proteins are the workhorses of the cell, but nature sometimes has room for improvement. Now a team from the Institute for Protein Design and the University of California San Francisco has created a new artificial protein that acts like a switch, turning regular cells into “smart cells.”

One of the main reasons cancer is hard to beat is because it spreads through the body. But now researchers from Vanderbilt University have developed a new technique that uses nanoparticles to enhance immune cells, helping them hunt down cancer cells migrating through the bloodstream.