Motorcycles

The world's first non-Newtonian motorcycle helmets are coming soon

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D3O, one of the world’s most prominent motorcycle impact protection companies forays into helmet liners
D3O
D3O, one of the world’s most prominent motorcycle impact protection companies forays into helmet liners
D3O
A non-Newtonian substance behaves like a liquid under slow movement, and like a solid when suddenly struck with force
D3O
The D30 material was first shown as a concept design in 2022 called "Amp"
D3O
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Welcome to Science Class 101. I’m your teacher for the next few minutes, to break down what it is about D3O’s non-Newtonian material that makes its upcoming range of helmet protection potentially revolutionary.

Let’s begin. A non-Newtonian substance changes its viscosity or flow characteristics depending on the force acting upon it. It behaves like a liquid under slow movement and like a solid when suddenly struck with force, giving it the ability to be used in applications ranging from pothole patches to fireproof batteries to programmable metafluids.

Another application is in protective gear, thanks to its ability to give the best of both worlds: flexibility for comfort and rigidity for protection when needed. That’s why it’s become the go-to material for impact protection across so many industries. Our own Loz Blain did a sweet piece back in 2010, in which he tested D3O's body armor.

A non-Newtonian substance behaves like a liquid under slow movement, and like a solid when suddenly struck with force
D3O

Because of its unique protective qualities, the D3O material is used in military and law enforcement equipment, sports protective gear, consumer electronics, and industrial safety wear. And you know it’s a big deal if one of the world’s most prominent motorcycle impact protection companies is foraying into its use in helmet liners.

Well, D30 has done just that with its new range, that’s scheduled to be available by 2027. First shown as a concept design in 2022 called "Amp," the all-new liner technology is based on the company's expertise in making protective gear for the American defense sector and American football.

The D30 material was first shown as a concept design in 2022 called "Amp"
D3O

In order to better absorb low-level impacts like a branch hitting your helmet during off-road riding, the original Amp concept design included a tiny layer of D3O's soft, flexible protection inside the plush lining of a helmet. "It’s the missing part in our impact protection story within motorcycle equipment," Mostyn Thomas, Chief Marketing Officer of D30 told MCN.

Now, while it all sounds well and good, I have a few inhibitions. First and foremost, D3O’s biggest advantage as motorcycle armor is that it's super-flexible until it gets hit, so you're a bit freer to move. Heads don't move, do they? What’s the whole point then?

"We want to disrupt the market standard – whether that’s weight, comfort, or performance – but we also need to consider how the product integrates with the main shell of the helmet – it’s very difficult to ask a brand to throw away 40 years of supply chain and operation," said Thomas. Some of the helmet companies D30 is working with have spent decades developing the crush foam they're currently using. I don’t see D3O’s helmet liners being an overnight success.

Then, here’s the big one: expanded polystyrene foam or EPS, as we know it, cracks and crushes to dissipate the force upon impact. In fact, it does a bloody great job at it! And it's super lightweight, equally cheap, and easy to manufacture.

So, what advantage does D3O actually bring? It doesn’t seem like you need the flexibility in the liner, and it's hard to see how it might beat the EPS foam on manufacturing cost, weight, or performance. Not that I’m suddenly an expert in helmet tech, but it does seem awfully ambitious to me, at least for now.

We're looking forward to seeing some test data eventually. If it indeed does a good job at saving more lives, it might well be the next motorcycle gear breakthrough. Until then, I’ll happily put on my Bell lid to save my brain … whatever I have left of it.

Source: D30 via MCN

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9 comments
paul314
It sounds as if you would want a substance that is non-newtonian in the other direction (hyper-newtonian?) Relatively solid and resilient under light loads, and then smooshy and liquid-like under heavy impacts so that it can absorb twisting/shear forces as well as straight compression. I could see a use for non-newtonian shells that could deform gently under light slow loads (say folding to fit in you bag) but become completely rigid on impact to spread the energy out over as much of the foam liner as possible.
ClauS
Regardless of the helmets I try, bicycle, motorcycle, all of them have at least one hard spot I could live without it. So a conforming inner shell will D3O would do magic for that.
Username
"like a solid when suddenly struck with force" But what kind of solid? If it acts like concrete it's probably not ideal for a helmet.
itsKeef
A crushable liner that sudenly becames solid. Er nope. As for comfort fit ...'Phrenologically’ speaking ?…use readily available 3D head scanning software and then have the CNC machine carve you a bespoke EPS liner. ? Take up the slack.
Baker Steve
'A non-Newtonian substance... behaves like a liquid under slow movement and like a solid when suddenly struck with force...'
Let's not forget that the oppoisite can also be true – thixotropy is a widely used non-Newtonian propery, for example in paints.
qzceeczq
Speaking from my point of view as a motorcycle rider, I would think that on impact I would want something to absorb the impact and not transfer the energy by becoming hard. The hard outer layer of a motorcycle helmet is used to spread the force of the impact to a larger area, the interior deforms/crushes to absorb energy before it gets to my head. This non-newtonian material sounds like it does the opposite so no idea why you would want that in any helmet design unless you are thinking of using it for the outer shell.
Marco McClean
I had an idea to make a helmet entirely out of springs coming from a soft-lined hard shell custom-fitted to the user's head. You could save weight by not covering the springs with anything. They could all be like six or eight inches long. Think how cool that would look.
DaveWesely
It is obvious that most commenters here didn't bother to read the article or understand the physics of it all. Explanation: The non-newtonian material replaces the foam pads in the helmet, not the impact absorbing foam shell. (It is the orange stuff in the top illustration.) The new liner goes from soft and conforming to the shape of your head, to a rigid liner on impact to keep the same shape as your noggin while spreading the forces from the helmet shell. It's basically the same as having a custom built liner built from a 3D scan of your skull, but more comfortable and cheaper.
Trylon
Geez. Just reading these comments is painful. It's obvious that people here have no idea what dilatant materials are. Go to YouTube and search for videos about D3O. You'll be surprised at its impact protection properties. And DaveWesely, the non-Newtonian material is in fact for shock absorption. That's the whole point of D3O. (By the way, that last is an O, not a zero. The article switches back and forth.) That said, this may finally be the turning point when non-Newtonian riding helmets finally make it to market since it has the backing of D3O, an established company. Previous attempts like Park & Diamond and Newton-Rider – both for bicycle riding – have failed to make it to market after Kickstarter campaigns and years of waiting. But they were small companies with inexperienced, unqualified personnel making bold engineering claims. (Both were covered here on New Atlas.)