Architecture

Wasp-inspired setup 3D-prints complete homes for $1,000

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The Crane WASP extruder is capable of using all types of materials, such as clay, mud, sand and even agricultural waste
WASP
Filling in the 3D-printed walls with natural fibers for insulation
WASP
The Crane WASP can be used indoors or outdoors
WASP
A diagram showing the entire process for indoor printing with the Crane WASP
WASP
An illustration showing how mutlitple Crane WASP printers can work on several structures simultaniously
WASP
The Crane WASP extruder is capable of using all types of materials, such as clay, mud, sand and even agricultural waste
WASP
The 100-home construction area of Wolf Ranch, featuring 3D-printed houses made by Icon with the Vulcan printer
ICON
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The Crane WASP, also known as "the infinity 3D printer," uses locally sourced clay, mud or cement to 3D-print affordable homes. It can even use agricultural waste as aggregate. The system is now being used to build much-needed housing in Colombia.

The United Nations Development Program (UNDP) has recently acquired a Crane WASP to print affordable homes in Colombia, utilizing local soil and resources. The printer itself is worth about US$180,000.

More than a quarter of Colombian households are facing a housing deficit – an estimated 3.7 million – and two of three families that have homes need to make structural improvements to their subpar dwellings.

Using locally sourced soil and such means the UN won't have to truck in expensive or proprietary materials from faraway lands, which significantly cuts down on costs.

Filling in the 3D-printed walls with natural fibers for insulation
WASP

The Crane WASP (World's Advanced Saving Project) was inspired by the Mason Wasp, a busy little insect that uses mud to build its nests. The UNDP will be able to set up the printers in otherwise difficult terrain where conventional and expensive construction equipment would have limited access, while using local soil to print homes for the impoverish and displaced.

Watch how the Crane WASP works.

3D printing homes isn't a new concept. Wolf Ranch, a 100-home neighborhood near Austin, Texas is nearing completion after breaking ground in 2018. The company responsible, Icon, uses its Vulcan printer to print new homes on existing concrete slabs.

The Vulcan is 45 feet wide (13.7 m) and weighs nearly 5 tons (4.5 tonnes). It uses a proprietary "Lavacrete" blend to extrude four walls, which isn't cheap. Newly printed homes in Wolf Ranch are being priced in the $450,000 range.

The 100-home construction area of Wolf Ranch, featuring 3D-printed houses made by Icon with the Vulcan printer
ICON

While this type of technology is fantastic – and more durable than traditional homes – it would be incredibly difficult (if not impossible) to transport, set up, and build with printers like the Vulcan in remote places with little to no infrastructure.

A single WASP printer uses a "delta" scaffolding setup (four-footed, with a triangular outrigger) that's highly versatile and can be placed even over rugged terrain. It can print out homes for as little as $1,000 each, making this effort significantly more affordable than a stick-and-brick. Multiple printers can even be linked together in a honeycomb pattern, to simultaneously build entire villages.

An illustration showing how mutlitple Crane WASP printers can work on several structures simultaniously
WASP

There's currently no word on when construction is scheduled to begin, but we'll be watching out for progress.

Source: 3D Natives

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8 comments
WONKY KLERKY
Tensional strength across these walls various as are will always be a prob'.
Do earnestly suggest:

1: A profiled to wall plan profile steel (autenistic stainless pref' / heavy galv' if your short of beer-vouchers) mesh
be laid / every ~18" rise (or ~450mm for thems that don't understand proper money).
+
2: Fibrous filaments capable of taking, at least micro, tensional strain be incorporated in the squirty mix.
+
3: Pref: 1 + 2 above together.
+
4: Ring beam solid plates to wall head / intermediate level(s)to take and spread as evenly as poss'
any superimposed loads such as roofs + floors
(happiness is a solid ring piece).

Good Luck brave new squirty things.
Ignore the above at your own risk.
WONKY KLERKY
A PS. to my last rant:

Reminder:
ref 'Fibrous filaments capable of taking at least micro tension'
Try chopped straw/similar rovings.
(All of history of building bods various across the planet can't be that wrong).
White Rabbit
@Wonky Klerky Do you mean 'austenitic' steel? Not that it matters much because the huge plus with the system is the use of LOCAL materials so builders "won't have to truck in expensive or proprietary materials from faraway lands".
Making Austenite requires a temperature of 723 C (or 1333 F for those who still use measuring systems based on body parts). Even if there is an abundance of iron nearby, the costs of mining and processing it would seem prohibitive, not to mention the time and capital required to create the mine and the steel plant.
Trucking in steel is expensive and requires roads.
What "roofs + floors" do you mean. Domes use the ground as floor, don't have rooves, and are single storey, so "superimposed loads" aren't really an issue.
Mason wasps have been doing this much, much longer than humans have even known about steel, which is only about 1000 years.
Humans were building domed structures out of everything from mud and straw to snow long before that - and still do!
AWilson
It is not useful to compare the SALES price of a home in Austin, TX with the construction COST of a mud hut in Colombia. I guess the author was struggling to find a way to compare the two home building systems, but I wish Mr. Salas had tried harder to find a better way to compare. First of all, the sales price is not the construction cost. Second of all, the size and amenities of a home in Austin, TX are quite different from the size and amenities of a home in an isolated part of Colombia. Third is, of course, the regulations. I suspect that the government of Colombia is not imposing a multitude of requirements on how the home is built and what it must include, while I'm sure that government is very involved in home building regulations in Austin.
JS
@AWilson - I looked, for a solid 20-30 mins, trying to find a cost figure for the Austin houses. All I could find were sales figures. Conversely, all I could find for the WASP homes were cost figures.

Please, by all means, get me Austin cost and I'll update the article. Thanks in advance!
Deres
Round habitats looks very futuristics but are not very practical as furnitures are straight and verticals. A great addition would thus be to include during construction some rectangular niches in the wall to include them.

In the same way, the extruder should be able to construct directly around wooden or metallic frames for doors, windows, furnitures, tube for cable or sanitaries.

Finally, they should incorporate several extruders with different materials for different needs. Directly extruding a surface resistant to weather for the outside would save a lot of time. In the same way, extruding another material full of air bubbles for better isolation to put inside walls would be intelligent.
nobody important
When it comes to building homes for the poor it seems like rather than thinking about what people and buildings need (plumbing, door frames, window frames adequate protection from weather) all that these startups and 3d printers think of or are capable of is building shacks that cost more than the shacks people make themselves when deprived of housing.
ljaques
Anyone using the meme "$1,000 to print a home" should be forced to buy a printed house for the going rate: 1/3 to 1/2 million dollars.
Other than the dozen or so homes printed and given to poor rural areas already, no other CHEAP 3DP homes have been printed.
The greed makes me sick.