Autonomous vehicles and personal transportation pods featured quite heavily in our recent round-up of the Top Ten railways of the future, and the JPods concept from Bill James has both. At the center of the scheme is a driverless, on-demand electric four to six seat vehicle suspended beneath an overhead rail structure, which is topped with photovoltaic panels. A user would let the JPod know the desired location via a touchscreen interface and the vehicle's networked computer system would determine the best route and motor there without further input from the passenger.
They may well have become economic linchpins that heavily influence our cost of living but unfortunately, as much as many of us might like to believe otherwise, both coal and oil are finite resources. James is of the opinion that an oil famine is just around the corner and that the time is ripe for a radical shift to sustainable transport. His solution: the JPods system.
The JPod is described as "a 500 pound (226 kg) vehicle that can carry 1200 pounds (544 kg) of people and/or cargo at about 260 passenger-miles per gallon (0.90 l/100km)." Similar to subway trains, the computer-chauffeured pods pick up power from a third rail using brushes. Encoders in the wheels and sensors in the track allow for each vehicle to be programmed to avoid close proximity to one another.
The design has the potential to offer similar levels of mobility as cars without wasting all that valuable time sitting in congestion or trying to find a parking spot, and the computer system removes the need for users to work out exactly how to get to a destination by automatically handling any route planning.
Unlike the Pininfarina and Vectus PRT system and the ULTra PRT electric transport pods we covered recently, JPods will be suspended underneath the rail track structure. The main advantage with this idea is that the 4-m (13-ft) wide upper surface of the structure is available for the installation of PV panels, predicted to provide between 5,000 and 30,000 vehicle-miles of power per mile of rail per day. At JPod stations, the width of the PV panels would be increased to between six and 10 meters wide (19 - 32 feet).
A short rail working demo unit has been built to demonstrate various operational aspects of the JPods concept and, while it may not be the most attractive prototype in the world, it is functional. James admits that "aesthetics really matter, but function and getting started is critical. Things made in a garage look like they were made in a garage. They work." It features two 1-watt motors fitted to a bogie that sits inside the overhead rail. He told us that production JPods are likely to have motors of 700 watts to 6.5 kilowatts, depending on need, and will run at speeds of up to 30 mph (48 km/h) in both directions, using about 200 watt-hours of energy per mile.
"The ET3 provides personal on-demand mobility between cities in a high speed network that uses one fiftieth the energy of cars, passenger trains, buses or airplanes," he said. "JPods provides personal on-demand mobility in commuter-range transport of people and cargo using one tenth the energy of car, passenger trains and buses. JPods cut the cost from about 56 (US) cents a mile for cars to about 4 cents a mile."
For JPod users that need to get to a location that's not covered by the rail infrastructure, James proposes developing vehicles that can operate off-rail, perhaps by clamping the chassis onto a drivetrain "similar to how containers attach to railcars and trucks."
The JPods concept is, for the moment, just that: a concept. James is looking to start with small construction rollouts at shopping malls, universities, theme parks, airports and the like, and once the technology is seen to have proven itself (although the various technologies necessary for solar-powered rail networks have already been in use for some time), it's hoped that larger installations will follow. He believes that the "barrier to implementation is central planning, not technology."
"JPods are simple, unbelievably simple," said James. "But we can scale simplicity. We are pretty well set to build. There are always things we can learn, but the drawings we have are good to 110 mph (177 km/h) winds, earthquakes and the normal stuff you have to do for best practice behavior. I have a database of 35,000 service academy graduates I can call. Many will rally to build in their communities. We have a very scaleable approach that will support a pretty significant rollout."
James told us that a JPods system would operate round-the-clock and initially be powered from the grid and natural gas generators but the long term plan is to convert and store the solar energy as synthetic gas, as part of a move away from centralized supply to distributed power networks.
In the meantime have a look at the following video, in which James suggests using something like ET3 for extended travel and JPods for local transport needs.
Source: Bill James
Must of been designed by a PRT hater
1) 30mph is waaay too slow! Find a way to safely go 200mph for real cross country travel. Will need modern cars for this, not ones that look like they belong on a Disney Land ride.
2) No reason you could not talk to or touch the panel en route and ask for a bathroom break, and just have the pod stop at the next one. With high speed and enough stopping points, the bathroom break is really not a problem.
3) Since they are elevated, can share space with roads, railways, rail trails (leaving rail bed empty the possibility of heavy freight).
1. A oil shortage will come ($4/gal already), but nothing will be done until too late. Human nature. (over population another great example, we build malls on our best farm land, gonna bite us in end, but hey money now!) 2. We love, in California, to invest in new transport systems that never get completed or work properly. Super speed train for example or mag-lev. There are proven systems in place around the world, why not use them. Like efficient light rail. 3. In Southern Cal. we are spread wide not high or dense, which means you'd need rail everywhere or other connections like bus, or people won't use it.
Why not a electrical assisted velomobile? Its pedal powdered and it can be designed to run on rails using the third rail to power it. So at beginning and end of destination you pedal (with power assist from battery) allowing flexibility, and while on rails you use third rail power. (use some kinda of power counter for fee) They could easily go 40mph are enclosed, so all weather, can use solid tires because of low speed, so no punctures. Plus bike paths are a lot cheaper to build for outlying areas.
Right now a 2012 suzuki DR200e motorbike does over 100mpg, one guy says at lower speeds he gets 170 mpg. http://www.cleanmpg.com/forums/showthread.php?t=41832 That's a bike with aerodynamics of a brick and isn't even fuel injected. Direct injection 2-strokes are even more efficient and have low emissions, but they only make a few because motor companies don't make as much money on them and people still think 2 strokes are "bad". 200 mpg can right now be done, but we don't. about 1/10th fuel usage that most people use right now. (Of course that would cause gas price to fall, which means everyone jumps back into a SUV, cause its cheap again!)
There is a ENORMOUS amount of things that could be implemented/done right now to save ridiculous amounts of fuel/energy. But we don't do them because we don't like change (especially in our lifestyles), feel we can't afford it, may affect our quality of living, it's inconvenient, there are laws in the way, there are potential law suits, or a whole host of other stupid reasons. Adding another idea like this article just muddies the water instead of making our choices clearer.
Sorry just my 2 cents, I'm probably wrong. And apologies for cynical take on human nature, even if I feel its true.
(dumb question, who's the guy who gets to fix the solar panels on the freeway, that would be a hairy job!)
It could be a good solution for specific locations. Eg. where roads & trains already criss cross the ways underneath.
There is a need to shape pods for maximum efficiency, instead of this love for rounded cubicles. The shape needs to be aerofoil like so that lift is generated, minimising load on bearings, etc.
We need to instead look to something more like bumper cars and highway lanes for the design. Pods can travel a decent pace when on the main line. When they get to a entry/exit station they simply proceed slower in case of accident while some of the pods exit and enter on a sort of switch track.
Pods on the on ramp can speed up to the correct speed before entering traffic the same as with cars. The pods can be equipped with a mostly simple location aware technology to prevent them merging into each other but there are multiple simple safety mechanisms that are possible like having transit pods occupy the left lane when pods are merging like with highways today, giving onboard humans access to an emergency "oh crap" button etc.
As long as you model the flow like a highway with on and off ramps even if cars bump/rub into each other they should traveling to closely the same direction and speed so impact should be pretty minimal like a bumper car.
Because the cars are independently location aware (using less technology than a cell phone), and the track is aware of the cars as they pass by sensors, there are 2 completely redundant systems so if the technology completely fails inside a pod the other pods and the track based system will detect that failure.
Both systems can be monitored by a central control center for things like congestion and track obstruction. If there is a traffic jam ahead it is trivial for the system to reroute the pods destined to travel through that location.
This is where it gets interesting. Because the system treats cars the way packets are treated on the Internet, the system can monitor total travel times (latency) of all the paths based on congestion and "load balance" traffic to longer but potentially less congested routes automatically or through some manual traffic engineering of a technician at the control center.
Another concept that can be used is if there are 10 lanes (5 in each direction) depending on commute traffic (early or late) they can be shifted around so morning could be 3 going out of the city and 7 going in and evening commute could be 7/3. This is used in some places (like bridges) now but it would be easier to do with the pod system. The main problem would be the need to pass closely with other vehicles in the opposite direction at speed would scare people but subways do this now and you can always move a divider wall back and fourth.
All in all the system allows much higher density, greater safety, and more situation awareness than normal road systems and better commute times and flexibility over large stop and go vessels like subways and buses. I would even add that you could easily bring a bicycle or segway in the capsule for the last couple blocks of your commute but people would get mad about it on a crowded bus or subway.
Since there isn't a set size, route, and/or amenities of the capsules you can cater to different user preferences. Things like toll roads, different numbers of seats, on board TV screens etc. are all possible.
www.skytran.us
Keeping the cars reasonable full is simply a matter of charging the same rate for one passenger or a full load. If the door closes or the fare is payed before the destination is accepted you won't have a problem with a-holes sending the cars on their way empty.
Of course if you have cars capable of limited autonomous operation (road trains and self navigating a parking lot), and building codes that require adequate parking in the building for the building most of the problems of private cars goes away.
I also doubt that the pods will run through the drive-through at the Burger Barn.
Speed in cities: Buses average 8-12 mph, trains about 18 mph, cars (counting free ways, track with your GPS) about 24 mph. Being able to get within an urban network at a reliable 30 mph is a pretty dramatic improvement over current modes of urban transportation. I am always amazed when people who waste 40 to 75 hours a year stuck in traffic jams find 30 mph without any congestion a bad idea. Speed increases are possible, but at least on initial systems such as between a hotel, airport terminal and car rental, 30 mph is adaquate.
At 30 mph the big causes of inefficiency are vehicle parasitic mass and repeated applications of power (start-stops). Similar to ski lifts and cargo nets below helicopters, suspending the vehicle below the rail supports radical reduction in parasitic mass. The computer network removes the repetitive start-stops.
Start small, the Internet started at 300 baud. If your community would like to have a small system contact me. We will see where one can be privately financed.