Space

NASA shortlists three landing sites for Mars 2020 rover

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Artist's rendering of the Mars 2020 rover - NASA has narrowed the list of potential landing sites down to three
NASA/JPL-CALTECH
NASA has shortlisted three potential landing sites for the Mars 2020 rover
NASA
The three potential landing sites for the Mars 2020 rover were all selected based on their watery history, likelihood of once hosting life and the suitability to land and drive a rover there
NASA
Northeast Syrtis, near Jezero Crater, may once have hosted life and is being considered as a prime landing site for the Mars 2020 rover
NASA/JPL-Caltech/University of Arizona
With a long watery history and thick layers of clay, (seen here through a camera and spectrometer of the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter), Jezero Crater is a leading candidate for a Mars 2020 landing site
NASA/JPL-CALTECH/MSSS/JHU-APL
Taken by the Spirit rover in 2004, this photo shows the sweeping plains of Gusev Crater, home to the potential Mars 2020 landing site of Columbia Hills
NASA/JPL-Caltech/Cornell
Artist's rendering of the Mars 2020 rover - NASA has narrowed the list of potential landing sites down to three
NASA/JPL-CALTECH
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Now well into the assembly and testing phase, NASA's next Mars mission is on track for a July 2020 launch. We already know its mission goals and which instruments it's taking to try to achieve them, and now we're now a little closer to learning where touch down will take place. After a workshop last week, NASA has revealed that three potential landing sites have been shortlisted: Northeast Syrtis, Jezero Crater and Columbia Hills.

Announced soon after Curiosity landed on the Red Planet's surface in 2012, the Mars 2020 rover will build on the design and findings of its predecessor. The rover's primary mission is focused on determining whether Mars ever hosted life in the past or ever could in the future. To that end, the mission will conduct geological assessments to search for the remains of ancient Martian microbes, study how habitable the planet could be for future manned missions, identify resources that human explorers could make use of, and potential hazards to avoid.

The three potential landing sites for the Mars 2020 rover were all selected based on their watery history, likelihood of once hosting life and the suitability to land and drive a rover there
NASA

With an entire planet to explore, picking the right landing site is crucial to the mission's success. Obviously, it needs to be somewhere a rover could safely touch down and drive around, but the site needs to satisfy a few key geological criteria as well. A history of liquid water is important, as is the presence of a variety of rocks and soil, as some types can preserve signs of life for longer than others.

With these goals in mind, NASA held a conference last week to narrow down a list of eight sites, decided on in August 2015, to the three best candidates.

Taken by the Spirit rover in 2004, this photo shows the sweeping plains of Gusev Crater, home to the potential Mars 2020 landing site of Columbia Hills
NASA/JPL-Caltech/Cornell

Columbia Hills

If the Mars 2020 rover visits this section of the Gusev crater, it could pay its respects to its ancestor, the Spirit rover, which touched down nearby in 2004 and went offline in 2010. Although much of the crater had proven dishearteningly dry, one of Spirit's biggest discoveries was that Columbia Hills was likely once home to hot mineral springs. That watery history, plus the fact that the terrain has already proven itself suitable for a rover, makes this a good spot to dig a little deeper into Mars' past.

With a long watery history and thick layers of clay, (seen here through a camera and spectrometer of the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter), Jezero Crater is a leading candidate for a Mars 2020 landing site
NASA/JPL-CALTECH/MSSS/JHU-APL

Jezero Crater

This spot seems to have a wet and wild history. At some point in the past, the crater is believed to have been filled with water, then drained, then filled again, giving life ample time to have moved in. The thick layer of clay in and around the crater is a very promising sign because not only does it usually only form in the presence of water, but it's good at preserving signs of life.

Northeast Syrtis, near Jezero Crater, may once have hosted life and is being considered as a prime landing site for the Mars 2020 rover
NASA/JPL-Caltech/University of Arizona

Northeast Syrtis

Relatively close to Jezero Crater, Northeast Syrtis could once have been a literal hotspot for microbes. Life loves volcanic areas, and here, heat radiating up from underground might have melted surface ice and formed hot springs. Its layered terrain is ripe for geological study and may help paint a vivid picture of early Mars.

There's no word yet on when NASA will pick the winning landing site.

Source: NASA

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2 comments
TimLocke
Why not send three rovers. Series production lines are better than 0ne-off projects. Do a bulk deal with SpaceX for launches (test the Falcon heavy). No imagination these people!
Gizmowiz
You have to imagine what an alien would think humans are like sending such awful looking machines.