Nobel prizes

In 2016, the Nobel Prize of John Forbes Nash Junior went to auction with an official estimate of US$2.5 million to $4.0 million and even higher expectations, but failed to make reserve and was passed in. Now the medal is heading to auction again.

The 2019 Nobel Prize in Chemistry has been awarded to three scientists for the invention and development of the lithium-ion battery.

The 2019 Nobel Prize in Medicine has been awarded to William Kaelin, Peter Ratcliffe and Gregg Semenza for uncovering how cells adapt to low oxygen.

The 2018 Nobel Prize in Chemistry has been awarded to three scientists who tapped into evolution to produce vital chemicals. It was awarded to Frances H. Arnold for directing the evolution of enzymes, and to George P. Smith and Sir Gregory P. Winter, who manipulated phages to create new antibodies.

The 2018 Nobel Prize in Physics has been awarded to three scientists: Arthur Ashkin for developing optical tweezers, and Gérard Mourou and Donna Strickland, for designing a method to generate high-intensity, ultra-short laser pulses.

The 2018 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine has been awarded to James P. Allison and Tasuku Honjo, for their efforts in the development of cancer immunotherapy. In the 1990s, the two Laureates independently developed ways to lift the brakes on the immune system to help fight cancer.

The 2017 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine has been awarded to Jeffrey C. Hall, Michael Rosbash and Michael W. Young, for their work in the 1980s that led to the discovery of the genes that drive the circadian rhythm in living organisms.

Before 2016 gets rolled over by the tide of time, join us as we toast the most mind-boggling, world-changing, amazing advancements scientists made around the globe this year.

New research has prompted a rethink of the accepted idea that the universe's expansion is accelerating. An Oxford team found that the evidence for accelerated expansion doesn’t meet the certainty standards required by physicists to declare a discovery.

In 2013, the Nobel Prize medal won by Francis Crick for the structure of DNA sold for $2,270,500 - 50 times more than any prior medal. The high price catalyzed a new marketplace with prices exceeding $500,000. Now one of the most famous Nobel Prizes is going to auction, and the sky is the limit.

The Nobel Prizes are being announced this month, and we now know the winners of the prizes in three fields of science: physics, chemistry and medicine. Here's what you need to know about the advancements in each area that led to the award of some of the world's most prestigious prizes.

This year's winners of the Nobel Laureates in Chemistry, Eric Betzig, Stefan W. Hell, and William E. Moerner, are honored for their discovery of two methods to bypass the physical limits of optical microscopes to create the field of nanomicroscopy.